Surrealism Art

Surrealism (fr. Surrealisme – super realism) – trend in literature and art in XX century. It appeared in France by the desire of a writer A. Breton. Surrealists considered that creative energy went from the sphere of subconscious which to show its worth during sleep, hypnoses or automatic acts or delirium.
Surrealistic program in fine art was done in two ways. One artists put subconscious in their artworks where free forms and imaged predominated. They came to abstraction.
Another artists leading by Salvador Dali based upon illusory exactness of unreal image reproduction which appeared in subconscious. His artworks are notable for careful manner of fine art painting , exact transmitting of chiaroscuro, perspective which is typical for academic painting. The viewer under painting influence finds himself in labyrinth of deceptions and riddles: hard things become solid, dense become gauzy etc. All this makes an effect of unreal image.
Common features of surrealistic art are fairy fantasy art of nonsense, alogism, paradoxical combination of forms, visual unsteadiness, and mutability of images. The main target of surrealists was to rise upon the material and ideal world with the help of unconsciousness and continue rebellion again bourgeois civilization. The artists of this trend wanted to make reality not reflecting actuality in their fantasy art works , but sometimes it lead to eclecticism and kitsch. At the same time artists addressed themselves to the imitation of primitive art features, children’s’ art and insane’s. Artworks of surrealists provoke hard associations. At the same time they can be identified with evil and good.
Surrealism art was contradictory artistic notion which could be explained by its wide distribution. Many artists, who later on refused surrealistic views, went through it (P.Picasso, P.Klee). Such poets as F.Lorka, P.Neruda and Spanish director L. Bunyuel were also followers of surrealism.